The Parisian club has now secured the season-opening trophy on 14 separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
However, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for PSG to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.
